PH Lab Report

Background information/Research
PH paper (litmus paper) determines how acidic or how basic a substance is. The paper changes color accordingly to color code on the pH scale. The pH scale starts from 0 to 14. The lower the number the more acidic it is. Zero is the most acidic, and 14 is the most basic while 7 is the neutral number for example water. Examples of an acid is lemon juice or multi purpose cleaner. Examples of a basic substance is shampoo or liquid soap. We use pH for the products we use and food that we eat to check if it is safe to use for us humans and not harm us. With pH, products have become safer and less harmful to our environment and ourselves.

Materials
Various indicators
● Bro blue
● Phe red
● Met red
● Methyl blue
● Met orange
● Methyl yellow
Various unknowns
Watch trays

Procedures
1. Take 6 indicators that are all different colors.
2. Take the 4 unknowns numbered 1­4
3. Take a watch tray and wash it down before using it.
4. Put the indicator that is numbered 1in 6 slots on the watch tray. (Only put in one drop)
5. Take each indicator and put it in 1 slot each, each slot should have a different indicator color. (Again only one drop)
6. Record results and observations down on a table. Observe if it changed color, if it changed from one color to another. Record the pH number average and what color it is.
7. Wash down the watch tray again so you do not mix chemicals, or else your data will be inaccurate.
8. Repeat steps 4­7 for the last 3 unknowns.

Results
After the LAB i had various different results for each indicator reaction to the unknowns. All together i had 24 results, 6 results for each unknown. A couple of the indicators reacted to the unknown differently than the others. They started to change one color, then a bit later it would change to a different color. The indicators that did that were Methyl yellow to unknown 1 and 4, Methyl blue to unknown 2, Met red to unknown 1 and 4, Phe red to unknown 2 and 3, and none for Bro blue.

Test 1
Bro Blue

Test 2
Phe Red

Test 3
Met Red

Test 4
Methyl
Blue

Test 5
Met
Orange

Test 6
Methyl
Yellow

Unknown
1

Blue
(3.6)
No change

Yellow
(6.4)
No change

Red
(5.0)
Turns pink

Green blue
(7.1)
No change

Red orange Yellow
(3.5)
(3.2)
No change Turns red

Unknown
2

Dark Blue
(4.3)
No change

Violet
(7.6)
Turns clear

Clear
(6.2)
No change

Dark blue
(6.8)
Turns sky
blue

Clear
(4.4)
No change

Light
yellow
(4.0)
No change

Unknown
3

Dark blue
(4.3)
No change

Yellow
(8.0)
Turns red

Light
yellow
(6.2)
No change

Blue
(7.6)
No change

Yellow
(4.4)
No change

Yellow
(4.0)
No change

Unknown
4

Purple
(4.6)
No change

Yellow
(6.4)
No change